Male: Well, sometimes, the chromosomes on X and the extra are more—there are things like Klinefelter and all of these things, discuss that a little bit about the sex genes sometimes have too many things that are—
Female: So we actually have a group of chromosome abnormalities called the sex chromosome abnormalities so that consist of really either an extra X chromosome which could be in a girl, in which case it is XXX or in a boy—
Male: Which is called?
Female: Which is called Trisomy X. The old way people used to call them are super females, I do not think we like to use that kind of terminology. If it is an extra X chromosome in a boy, it is XXY which is Klinefelter’s syndrome.
Male: What does Klinefelter’s look like?
Female: Now Klinefelter’s syndrome actually in young children maybe completely indistinguishable, so you may never pick up a child with Klinefelter syndrome as a young child. But they do not develop normal testes, so what happens over time is they have a lack of testosterone, they tend to be a little low tone, they tend to be a little weak, they tend to be a little klutzy and as they reach puberty, you see a delay in the onset of puberty. They tend to be taller than average. They can have some kind of breast—
Male: So mentally, are they normal?
Female: They have IQs in the normal range, but they can have learning problems and we say generally that their IQ is probably maybe 10 or 20 points lower than that of their siblings. So there are some milder developmental issues.
Male: But they can be missed sometimes?
Female: They can be completely missed and they may just come to you as an infertile male who is having problems conceiving afterwards, when he is trying to have a child.
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