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Venus is the 2nd closest planet to the sun and it is also the closest in size to Earth. The diameter around its equator measures just over 12,000 kilometers, which makes it 0.949 of the size of the Earth.
It makes an orbit of the sun every 224.7 days. As another one of the inner planets, it is also one of the fourth terrestrial planets. In exception to the moon, Venus is the brightest object in the night sky. Thick clouds cover the planet, but recent science that shown evidence of volcanoes on the surface and some may still be active today.
On March 1st 1966, Venera 3 landed on Venus, making it the first to enter the atmosphere and land on any other planet in the solar system.
Venera 4 showed out that the surface temperature was nearly 500 degrees and its atmosphere was between 90 and 95 percent carbon dioxide.
The large concentration of Carbon Dioxide creates a substantial green house effect, the raising of temperature on the surface. Because of its brightness in the sky, Venus has been known about and observed since prehistoric times.
The earliest possible recorded observation came as far back as 1600 B.C by the Babylonians. In fact excluding the further out planets, most have been known about since before the modern times.
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