Ancient Greek culture traces its roots to the Minoan Civilization of Crete, which reached its height around 1600 BC, and was centered at the palace of Knossos.
The Mycenaeans of Greece conquered the Minoans and adopted much of their culture. Greek legends recall the Mycenaean period from about 1450-1100 BC as a time of heroes and great battles, including the Trojan War.
After a period of cultural decline, known as the Dark Age of Greece, strong city-states emerged. During the 5th century BC, Athens, under Pericleas became the most powerful and influential city-state.
From Ancient Greece came the beginnings of democracy. Also, philosophers such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, spread the belief and the power of reason. Art and architecture emphasized order and harmony.
Greece is probably the birthplace of drama. Tragedies and comedies were performed in amphitheaters. Meanwhile, the Olympic Games celebrated athletic skills. With its widespread influence, Ancient Greece has been called “The Mother of Western Civilization.”
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