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Superconductivity – Creating a New State of Matter
Male1: The quantum theory is so strange and bizarre that even Einstein could not get his head around it. At the atomic level, we see a phenomenon that normally we are considers sheer madness. In the real world you can not simply disappear and reappear some place else. That is nonsense, but in the quantum world it happens all the time.
Male2: At the level of atoms and subatomic particles matter can be in an infinite number of places at once. The theory sounds preposterous but it has one tiny going for him and that is it works.
Male1: And in the coming century it will enable us to radically transform our world. This maglev trains travel on air trough the magnetism hovering just above the track. They cruise it up to 580 kilometers an hour and they use less energy than regular trains. Thanks to what quantum phenomenon, super conductivity.
Male2: Super conductors are a miracle of quantum physics and they are an outstanding example of how we are gradually becoming masters of matter itself. Now, usually super conductivity is quit difficult to achieve in the laboratory and it is quit expensive. But about 20 years ago, there was a revolution when it was discovered that certain Ceramics like atrium, barium, copper oxide here, becomes super conducting when expose to ordinary liquid nitrogen. Now liquid nitrogen causes much as ordinary milk.
Male1: By cooling the ceramic to minus 200 degrees centigrade, I am affectively creating a new state of matter. The new material loses all its electrical resistance and becomes super conducting able to induce powerful magnetic fields; I am now going to place some magnet directly on top of the super conducting ceramic.
Male2: The blearily has just right there! It is floating now! This is the Meissner effect, the presence of the magnet on top induces a secondary magnetic field within the super conductor and the two magnetic fields repel each other giving you the illusion of anti gravity.
Notice that this thing is spinning with any friction what so ever. Scientist hopes to raise a temperature of the Meissner effect to avoid having to cool the ceramic. Imagine roads made out of super conductors add room temperature. Cars with hover right over the road with out even touching it, without using any gasoline what so ever. Or imagine a belt made out of this material, you could then float in the air. You could then fly almost like superman floating on magnetism. So this is a realization of the ancient dream of floating against gravity, anti-gravity using magnetism to counter act the force of the gravitation.
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