Shalom, this is the 7th in a series of videos about introduction to Judaism terms. This is for sessein 7th out of the Shabbat, first term is Menuchah which means rest.
There are 2 aspects to Shabbat. One is the prohibition to work, the requirement to rest. And the other is the celebration in memory. So, Menuchah means to rest.
Malachah. Malachah is the work which is prohibited on the Sabbath. 39 prohibited Malachot. In the Book of Exodus, it has a jots of opposed paragraph which says, “First of all, you cannot do any Malachah in Shabbat.” And then, it describes below the Malachot they did in constructing the tabernacle. So what our sages are to do from the second passage what was done for building the tabernacles that was prohibited on Shabbat. Those are 39 prohibited Malachot.
Hallah ,that is the special braded enriched bread that we eat on Sabbath and holidays. Candles, we light at least 2 Shabbat candles on Friday evening. It is part of the celebration of remembering the Sabbath.
Kidish, that is the sanctive occasion of the Sabbath with wine or grape juice. It is done as part of the Sabbath service and we have special – I have special YouTube video on how to do that.
Se’uddat Mitzva is the special meal that we eat in celebration of the Sabbath or Se’uddat Mitzva would be a special meal of celebration and enjoys location like a baby naming or a marriage.
Hismerote, our song, special songs for the Sabbath that are sung. Soduslesheite, it is customary to have 3 special meals on the Sabbath Friday evening, Sabbath at lunch and then, Sabbath in the afternoon when we celebrate on the conclusion moving towards to the conclusion of the Sabbath. That is Udasleshiete, the third meal.
Havdalah is a special ceremony we have at the conclusion of the Sabbath and I have a video on how to do Havdalah. Hallah Havdel means to separate so as to separate the Sabbath from the rest of the week.
Shabbat Shalom is the term that is used in greeting people on the Sabbath. That is a more of a spardic term or the Ashkanasum one would say, goodshaviz. Today, a lot of Jews say both. Shevohatove means good week and it is what we say at the end of Havdalah, at the end of the Sabbath, “Have a good week.”
Arev, that is to leave. Go too far on the Sabbath or leave your community and that what is to carry in a public domain. The Arev is that which extends the boundaries of your private home to the community, and so in certain parts of the world. There is Arev constructed which is a Talmudic device consisting of wires and ropes which enlarges the community and permits people to carry on the Sabbath.
And finally, shamuorhevahur. The ten commandment in the exodus say, “You should shahurhavabath.” Remember. The ten commandment Deutoronomy say, “You should shamur.” Guard the Sabbath. And, the prayer of Lecha Dodi in Friday nights says that God said them both at once. Shamur and Zahur. And those are the 2 many aspects of the Sabbath to remember and to guard the Sabbath. Remember, all those things are what we do to celebrate and guard all those things we do the rest.
So those are the terms in our course for the Sabbath.
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