Dr. Rajat Bhushan: Diabetes is a disease state when body does not produce enough insulin for body's demand or need with the result of blood sugar tend to go up high.
Dr. Thomas Blevins: One of the reasons the blood sugar is too high is the body doesn't make enough insulin, and many times, we have to replace that insulin by injections to correct the blood sugar.
Dr. Rajat Bhushan: There are two types; Type 1, in which there is no insulin at all and body totally depend on external insulin. Type 2 is the one when body does produce some insulin, but it's not sufficient for the need.
Dr. Thomas Blevins: People can develop some damage to their eyes, kidneys and nerves, and even heart. And so in diabetes, the main goal is to control the blood sugar, and there are various ways to do it. People with Type 1 diabetes require insulin and many people of Type 2 diabetes require insulin as well.
Dr. Rajat Bhushan: Treatments are designed to increase the insulin production. If you have Type 1 diabetes, then we, of course, have to give insulin from outside. But if you are Type 2 diabetic, then we can use some oral medication to promote more insulin secretion or we can cut down the demand of body needing insulin. But eventually, most of the people will end up on insulin replacement.
Dr. Thomas Blevins: The main stage of treatment is to control the blood sugar, and in fact, the fundamental goal is to keep the blood sugar down and prevent complications related to diabetes, and how do you that. Well, in some people with the Type 2 diabetes, the kind where the body makes some insulin, but usually not enough, we can prop up the insulin production with medicines and pills and that will control the blood sugar. And in many of the people with Type 2 diabetes though require insulin and they require multiple shots, and people with Type 1 diabetes which use to be considered as the adolescent or young age onset diabetes, that type of diabetes always needs insulin because people with Type 1 diabetes don't make insulin. So the main stage of treatment is to control the sugar.
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